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About Logical Reasoning — Class 6 Olympiad

Solve analogy, classification, coding-decoding, number series, figure patterns, direction sense, Venn diagrams, mirror images, and paper folding problems. This topic is part of the Olympiad Class 6 mathematics syllabus (chapter: Module 13). On this page you can practice 60 questions across three difficulty levels — 20 easy, 20 medium, and 20 hard — each with a visual step-by-step solution, plus a timed 30-question mastery test with a live leaderboard. Worked examples and sample questions from the topic are below.

What you'll learn in Logical Reasoning

  • Introduction to Logical Reasoning
  • Deductive Reasoning: The 'Must Be True' Logic
  • Inductive Reasoning: Finding Patterns
  • Logic Grids and Truth Tables
  • Olympiad Strategies: Combining Logic & Practice

Interactive lesson · about 15 minutes · checkpoint question after every unit

Logical Reasoning — solved examples for Class 6 Olympiad

Example 1easy

Cat is to Kitten as Dog is to ___?
  1. A)Puppy
  2. B)Calf
  3. C)Cub
  4. D)Foal

Step-by-step solution

  1. The relationship is: animal → its baby. A kitten is a baby cat.
  2. A baby dog is called a puppy, so Dog : Puppy.

Answer: Puppy

Example 2medium

What is the next number in the series: 3, 6, 11, 18, 27, ...?
  1. A)36
  2. B)38
  3. C)40
  4. D)34

Step-by-step solution

  1. The differences are 3, 5, 7, 9 — consecutive odd numbers.
    6−3=3,11−6=5,18−11=7,27−18=96−3=3, 11−6=5, 18−11=7, 27−18=9
  2. The next difference is 11, so the next term is:
    27+11=3827 + 11 = 38

Answer: 38

Example 3hard

What is the next number in the series: 2, 3, 5, 9, 17, ...?
  1. A)25
  2. B)31
  3. C)33
  4. D)34

Step-by-step solution

  1. Each term follows the rule: next = 2 × previous − 1.
    2×2−1=3,3×2−1=5,5×2−1=9,9×2−1=172×2−1=3, 3×2−1=5, 5×2−1=9, 9×2−1=17
  2. So the next term is:
    17×2−1=3317 × 2 − 1 = 33

Answer: 33

Practice questions on Logical Reasoning

  1. Q1.easy

    What is the next number in the series: 5, 10, 15, 20, ...?
    1. A)22
    2. B)24
    3. C)25
    4. D)30
    Show answer

    Answer: 25

    Hint: Look at the gap between consecutive numbers.

  2. Q2.easy

    Find the odd one out: Rose, Lotus, Marigold, Mango
    1. A)Rose
    2. B)Lotus
    3. C)Marigold
    4. D)Mango
    Show answer

    Answer: Mango

    Hint: Three of them belong to the same group. Which one is different?

  3. Q3.easy

    In a certain code, CAT is written as DBU. How is DOG written in that code?
    1. A)EPH
    2. B)CPH
    3. C)EPI
    4. D)CNF
    Show answer

    Answer: EPH

    Hint: Compare each letter of CAT with the corresponding letter of DBU.

  4. Q4.medium

    In a certain code, TIGER is written as QFDBO. How is LION written in that code?
    1. A)IFLK
    2. B)KHNM
    3. C)IFKL
    4. D)JGML
    Show answer

    Answer: IFLK

    Hint: Compare T with Q, I with F — how many steps does each letter move?

  5. Q5.medium

    Ravi walks 5 km north, turns right and walks 3 km, then turns right again and walks 5 km. How far and in which direction is he from the starting point?
    1. A)3 km east
    2. B)3 km west
    3. C)5 km north
    4. D)8 km east
    Show answer

    Answer: 3 km east

    Hint: Trace the journey on rough paper with a compass drawn.

  6. Q6.medium

    If 4 is related to 20, then 5 is related to ___? (Hint: n → n² + n)
    1. A)25
    2. B)30
    3. C)35
    4. D)40
    Show answer

    Answer: 30

    Hint: Check: 4² + 4 = 20. Apply the same rule to 5.

  7. Q7.hard

    In a certain code, GO = 32 and SHE = 49. Using the same rule, what is the value of SOME?
    1. A)54
    2. B)56
    3. C)58
    4. D)62
    Show answer

    Answer: 56

    Hint: Try reversed alphabet values: A = 26, B = 25, ..., Z = 1.

  8. Q8.hard

    A is B's sister. C is B's mother. D is C's father. How is A related to D?
    1. A)Granddaughter
    2. B)Daughter
    3. C)Niece
    4. D)Sister
    Show answer

    Answer: Granddaughter

    Hint: Build the family tree from the bottom up: A and B are siblings.

  9. Q9.hard

    A man walks 10 m south, turns left and walks 20 m, turns left and walks 10 m, then turns right and walks 10 m. How far and in which direction is he from the start?
    1. A)30 m east
    2. B)20 m east
    3. C)30 m west
    4. D)10 m south
    Show answer

    Answer: 30 m east

    Hint: Track his facing direction after every turn, then add up the east-west and north-south moves separately.

These are 9 of the 60 questions available for Logical Reasoning. Start practicing above to unlock visual solutions, AI coaching, and the topic leaderboard — completely free.