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About Statistics — Class 8 ICSE

Represent data using histograms and frequency polygons, and compute mean. This topic is part of the ICSE Class 8 mathematics syllabus (chapter: Chapter 13). On this page you can practice 60 questions across three difficulty levels — 20 easy, 20 medium, and 20 hard — each with a visual step-by-step solution, plus a timed 35-question mastery test with a live leaderboard. Worked examples and sample questions from the topic are below.

What you'll learn in Statistics

  • Introduction to Data and Frequency Distribution
  • Grouped Frequency Distribution and Class Intervals
  • Histograms: Visualizing Grouped Data
  • Frequency Polygons and Mean of Ungrouped Data
  • Mean of Grouped Data and Lesson Summary

Interactive lesson · about 15 minutes · checkpoint question after every unit

Statistics — solved examples for Class 8 ICSE

Example 1easy

Which of the following statements about a frequency distribution is TRUE?
  1. A)It organizes raw data into classes or categories and shows the frequency of each.
  2. B)It is always represented by a histogram.
  3. C)It only shows the number of times a specific value appears in a dataset.
  4. D)It is only used for qualitative data.

Step-by-step solution

  1. A frequency distribution organizes raw data into classes or categories and lists the number of times (frequency) each class appears.
  2. This organization helps in understanding the pattern and spread of the data, making it easier to analyze.

Answer: It organizes raw data into classes or categories and shows the frequency of each.

Example 2medium

In a frequency distribution, the difference between the upper limit and the lower limit of a class is called the _______. What term completes the sentence?
  1. A)Class size
  2. B)Class mark
  3. C)Frequency
  4. D)Range

Step-by-step solution

  1. A class interval represents a range of values in a frequency distribution.
  2. The lower limit is the smallest value in the interval, and the upper limit is the largest value.
  3. The difference between the upper limit and the lower limit of a class interval is known as the class size or class width.
    ClassSize=UpperLimitLowerLimitClass Size = Upper Limit - Lower Limit

Answer: Class size

Example 3hard

A student creates a frequency distribution table for the daily pocket money (in ₹) of Class 8 students. The class intervals chosen are 10-19, 20-29, 30-39, and so on. Which of the following statements about this frequency distribution is TRUE?
  1. A)It is an exclusive series with a class size of 9.
  2. B)It is an exclusive series with a class size of 10.
  3. C)It is an inclusive series with a class size of 10.
  4. D)It is an inclusive series with a class size of 9.

Step-by-step solution

  1. The class intervals (10-19, 20-29) are inclusive because the upper limit of one class (19) does not match the lower limit of the next class (20).
  2. For an inclusive series, the class size is calculated as (Upper Limit - Lower Limit + 1).
    ClassSize=UpperLimitLowerLimit+1Class Size = Upper Limit - Lower Limit + 1
  3. For the interval 10-19, the class size = 19 - 10 + 1 = 10. Similarly, for 20-29, it is 29 - 20 + 1 = 10.
  4. Thus, it is an inclusive series with a class size of 10.

Answer: It is an inclusive series with a class size of 10.

Practice questions on Statistics

  1. Q1.easy

    Consider the class intervals: 0-9, 10-19, 20-29, 30-39. What is the class size (or width) for these intervals?
    1. A)9
    2. B)10
    3. C)19
    4. D)20
    Show answer

    Answer: 10

    Hint: Remember to include both the lower and upper limits when calculating the class size for inclusive intervals.

  2. Q2.easy

    What is the class mark (mid-point) for the class interval 45-55?
    1. A)50.5
    2. B)49
    3. C)50
    4. D)51
    Show answer

    Answer: 50

    Hint: The class mark is the average of the lower and upper limits of the class interval.

  3. Q3.easy

    A teacher wants to represent the distribution of marks (out of 100) obtained by 50 students in a math test. Which graphical representation would be most appropriate if the marks are grouped into class intervals like 0-10, 11-20, etc.?
    1. A)Bar Graph
    2. B)Pie Chart
    3. C)Histogram
    4. D)Line Graph
    Show answer

    Answer: Histogram

    Hint: Consider the nature of the data (continuous and grouped) and which graph is specifically designed for such data.

  4. Q4.medium

    What is the class mark for the class interval 30-40?
    1. A)30
    2. B)35
    3. C)40
    4. D)70
    Show answer

    Answer: 35

    Hint: The class mark is the middle value of a class interval.

  5. Q5.medium

    The marks obtained by 15 students in a math test are: 12, 18, 15, 20, 10, 18, 12, 15, 18, 10, 20, 12, 15, 18, 20. What is the frequency of students who scored exactly 15 marks?
    1. A)3
    2. B)4
    3. C)5
    4. D)6
    Show answer

    Answer: 3

    Hint: Carefully count how many times the score '15' appears in the given list of marks.

  6. Q6.medium

    For which type of data is a histogram the most appropriate graphical representation?
    1. A)Categorical data
    2. B)Discrete data
    3. C)Qualitative data
    4. D)Continuous data
    Show answer

    Answer: Continuous data

    Hint: Think about the nature of the data where class intervals are used and there are no gaps between bars.

  7. Q7.hard

    A histogram represents the number of hours students spend studying per week. The class intervals are 0-5, 5-10, 10-20, 20-30, 30-40. If the bar for the 5-10 hours interval has a height of 4 cm and represents 12 students, and the bar for the 10-20 hours interval has a height of 6 cm, how many students study between 10 and 20 hours?
    1. A)18 students
    2. B)36 students
    3. C)24 students
    4. D)30 students
    Show answer

    Answer: 36 students

    Hint: In a histogram with varying class widths, the height of the bar is proportional to the frequency density. First, find the scaling factor for frequency density per cm of height.

  8. Q8.hard

    A student drew a histogram for the weights (in kg) of 60 students, with class intervals 40-45, 45-50, 50-55, 55-60. He then marked the midpoints of the top of each bar and joined them with line segments to form a frequency polygon. Which statement describes a common practice required for a *complete* frequency polygon that might be missing?
    1. A)The class intervals are overlapping; they should be 40-44, 45-49, etc.
    2. B)A histogram for weights should always have gaps between bars.
    3. C)The frequency polygon should be drawn by joining the upper-class limits, not midpoints.
    4. D)To draw a complete frequency polygon, he should have included imaginary classes with zero frequency at both ends.
    Show answer

    Answer: To draw a complete frequency polygon, he should have included imaginary classes with zero frequency at both ends.

    Hint: Recall the full procedure for constructing a frequency polygon, especially how it is typically 'closed' at the beginning and end.

  9. Q9.hard

    Which of the following statements about a frequency polygon for grouped data is INCORRECT?
    1. A)It is formed by joining the midpoints of the top of adjacent bars in a histogram.
    2. B)It can be drawn directly from a frequency table by plotting class marks against frequencies.
    3. C)The area enclosed by the frequency polygon and the x-axis is always equal to the total frequency.
    4. D)It is always a polygon whose first and last vertices lie on the x-axis without additional construction.
    Show answer

    Answer: It is always a polygon whose first and last vertices lie on the x-axis without additional construction.

    Hint: Consider the standard method of drawing a frequency polygon and how it relates to the x-axis at its start and end points.

These are 9 of the 60 questions available for Statistics. Start practicing above to unlock visual solutions, AI coaching, and the topic leaderboard — completely free.