NCERT Class 10 Maths — Chapter 1

Exercise 1.3: Irrational Numbers

Here you'll prove that numbers like √2 and √3 are irrational using proof by contradiction. These proofs are a favourite in board exams — understanding the logic is key.

proof by contradictionirrational numbersrational vs irrational
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Extra Practice Questions

These questions cover the same concepts as Exercise 1.3. Try solving them to build confidence before or after the textbook exercise.

1

If the HCF of 408 and 1032 is expressible in the form 1032p - 408 x 5, find p.

A.1
B.2
C.3
D.4
2

If n is any natural number, can 6^n end with the digit 0?

A.Yes, when n is even
B.Yes, when n > 10
C.Never
D.Yes, when n is a multiple of 5
3

Which of these has a terminating decimal expansion?

A.1/3
B.7/12
C.13/40
D.5/6
4

The LCM of two numbers is 14 times their HCF. The sum of LCM and HCF is 600. If one number is 280, find the other.

A.40
B.80
C.60
D.20
5

Using Euclid's division algorithm, the HCF of 455 and 42 starts with which division?

A.455 = 42 x 10 + 35
B.42 = 455 x 0 + 42
C.455 = 42 x 11 + 3
D.455 = 42 x 10 + 25
6

Prove that sqrt(2) + sqrt(3) is irrational. If we assume it's rational (= a/b), what do we get when we square both sides?

A.a^2/b^2 = 5 + 2sqrt(6)
B.a^2/b^2 = 5 + sqrt(6)
C.a^2/b^2 = 6
D.a^2/b^2 = 2 + 3
7

Which of the following is a rational number?

A.sqrt(3)
B.pi
C.0.1010010001...
D.0.47474747...
8

Use Euclid's division lemma to show that the square of any positive integer is of the form 3m or 3m+1.

A.By dividing by 2
B.By expressing integer as 3q, 3q+1, or 3q+2 and squaring each
C.By using induction
D.By prime factorisation
9

The HCF of 96 and 404 using Euclid's algorithm is:

A.2
B.4
C.8
D.12
10

Explain why 3 x 5 x 7 + 7 is a composite number.

A.It equals 112 = 2^4 x 7
B.It equals 7 x 16
C.It is divisible by 7
D.All of the above

Stuck on a question?

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Common Mistakes to Avoid

  • Not clearly stating the contradiction assumption at the start
  • Skipping steps in the proof — examiners want every line
  • Confusing 'rational' (p/q form) with 'irrational' (cannot be expressed as p/q)

Other Exercises in Chapter 1

Frequently Asked Questions

How many questions are in NCERT Class 10 Exercise 1.3?

Exercise 1.3 has 3 questions focused on proving irrationality of numbers like √2, √3, and √5 using proof by contradiction.

Is proving √2 is irrational important for boards?

Absolutely. This proof appears almost every year in CBSE board exams, usually as a 3-mark question. Learn it step by step.

Want to practise on paper? Download a free worksheet for this topic.

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