What is the difference between theoretical and experimental probability?

Theoretical probability is calculated using the formula P = favourable outcomes / total outcomes, based on what should happen in theory. Experimental probability is based on actual results from performing an experiment. For example, the theoretical probability of heads on a coin is 0.5, but in 20 tosses you might get heads 12 times, giving an experimental probability of 12/20 = 0.6.

What is a sample space?

The sample space is the set of all possible outcomes of an experiment. For a coin toss, the sample space is {Heads, Tails}. For rolling a die, it is {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}. Listing the complete sample space is the first step in calculating probability.

Can probability be greater than 1?

No. Probability always ranges from 0 to 1 (or 0% to 100%). A probability of 0 means the event is impossible, and a probability of 1 means the event is certain. If your calculation gives a number greater than 1 or less than 0, there is an error in your working.

Worksheets

Probability Introduction Class 6 IB Worksheet Free PDF Download with Answers

What are the chances? 60 questions on likelihood, outcomes, sample spaces, and calculating simple probabilities.

IBClass 6

SparkEd Team · Reviewed by Vivek Verma15 April 20267 min read

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45 practice questions across 3 difficulty levels with complete answer keys. Printable A4 format, perfect for revision!

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Class 6 Maths Worksheet — Free PDF with Answers

This is your one-stop class 6 maths worksheet collection — every topic, every chapter, completely free with step-by-step answers. Whether you searched for a maths class 6 worksheet or a worksheet math class 6 resource, you have landed in the right place. SparkEd's Class 6 maths practice covers the full IB MYP syllabus with 60 questions per topic, and each worksheet comes as a printable PDF.

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For revision before exams, try the maths worksheet for class 6th with answers alongside our maths mcq for class 6 with answers sets. Teachers can use the class 6 maths mcq question paper bank for quick classroom tests. Browse all class 6 maths worksheets cbse topics on the All Class 6 worksheets page, or start with the popular Number Play worksheet. Ready to practise? Head to SparkEd home and pick your chapter.

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IB MYP Maths Worksheet — Free PDF with Answers

SparkEd's IB MYP Year 1 maths worksheets are designed for students in the International Baccalaureate Middle Years Programme. Each worksheet has 60 questions across three difficulty levels, with complete step-by-step answers.

Whether you are just learning about probability or preparing for a statistics assessment, these worksheets are free to download as printable PDFs.

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Probability — The Mathematics of Uncertainty

Will it rain tomorrow? Will my team win? What are the chances of rolling a 6? Probability gives us a mathematical language to talk about uncertainty.

The IB MYP framework introduces probability through experiments and real-life contexts. You learn that probability is a number between $0$ and $1$ (or $0\%$ and $100\%$ ), where $0$ means impossible and $1$ means certain. Everything else falls somewhere in between.

This worksheet builds from everyday language about likelihood to calculating probabilities using fractions and the formula: Probability = Favourable outcomes / Total outcomes.

What Does This Worksheet Cover?

Aligned with the IB MYP Year 1 mathematics framework:

- Language of probability — impossible, unlikely, even chance, likely, certain
- Outcomes and sample space — listing all possible results
- Theoretical probability — using the formula P = favourable / total
- Experimental probability — from actual experiments and data
- Comparing theoretical and experimental — why they differ
- Probability of NOT happening — complementary events
- Simple combined events — two coins, dice and spinners

| Level | Focus | Count |
|-------|-------|-------|
| Level 1 | Likelihood language, list outcomes, basic probability as fraction | 20 |
| Level 2 | Calculate probabilities, complementary events, experimental probability | 20 |
| Level 3 | Two-event problems, comparing probabilities, reasoning about fairness | 20 |

Sample Questions

Level 1 — Warm Up

Place these events on a probability scale from $0$ to $1$ : (a) Rolling a $7$ on a standard die (b) Getting heads on a coin flip (c) The sun rising tomorrow.
A bag has $3$ red, $5$ blue, and $2$ green marbles. If you pick one marble without looking, what is the probability of picking a blue marble?
List all possible outcomes when you toss a coin.

Level 2 — Build Confidence

A spinner has $8$ equal sections numbered $1$ to $8$ . What is the probability of spinning (a) an even number? (b) a number greater than $5$ ?
In $50$ coin tosses, heads came up $28$ times. What is the experimental probability of heads? How does this compare to the theoretical probability?
The probability of rain tomorrow is $0.3$ . What is the probability it will NOT rain?

Level 3 — Push Yourself

Two dice are rolled. List all outcomes that give a sum of $7$ . What is the probability of getting a sum of $7$ ?
A bag has $4$ red and $6$ blue balls. One ball is drawn, its colour noted, and it is put back. Then another ball is drawn. What is the probability of getting red both times?
Is this game fair? Player A wins if the coin shows heads. Player B wins if a die shows $6$ . Explain using probabilities.